Magneto-electric machine.



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No. 885,255. PATENTED APR.21, 1908.

E. B. JACOBSON.

MAGNET() ELECTRIC MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 13.1906.

5 SHEETSwSHEET 2.

No. 885,255. l PATENTED APR. Z1, 1908. E. B. JACGBSON.

MAGNET@ ELECTRIC MACHINE.

APPLIGATIOH FILED JULY 13.1906. v

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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IIJ/1 11n Il x [1A/l No. 885,255. PATENTED APR. 2, 190%. B.-B. JAGOBSON. MAGNET() ELECTRIC MACHINE.

APPLGATION FILED JULY 13.1906.

n m32/rey f PATBNTED APR. 21 1908.

No 880255 E. B. JAGOBSON. k

MAGNET() ELECTRIC MACHINE.

N P L DJ Y .1 APYLIGATIO I E UL 1a 905 y SHEETSMM 5' L UNITED srAras PATENT. onirica".

EDWARD B. lACOSON, OF PITTSFIELD, MASSACHSTTS, ASSIGNO-R TO PITTSFIELD` SPARK COIL COMPANY, `OF PITTSFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS7 A CORPORATION.

" MAGNETO-ELEC'TRIC MACHINE.

Tri all whom it may concern: y

Beit known that I, EDWARD B. JAconsoN,k a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Pittsfield, in the county of Berkshire and State of'.-Massachusetts, have invented new and irseful Improvements in Magneto Electric Machines,` of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the class of electrical Venerators and more particularly to that c ass known as magneto electric machines of the high tension type in which a plurality of sets of permanent magnets of the horseshoe type are employed.

The machine 1s particularly designed for igniting the charge of va orized combustible in engines of the interna ,combustion type.

The armature of the magneto employed is of the ordinary laminated type of soft iron having high permeabilit the disks being of the shape employed in t-lie ordinary Siemens H-armature, on which are wound two sets ofi windings similar to f transformer windings,,' (that is, a primary and secondary), for the purpose of producing a high induction in the secondary winding, the windings being connected to a condenser suitably located on the machine; one terminal of the secondary winding being connected to a part .l term the distributer driven by a secondary shaft geared to the shaft of the armature, the dis- -tributer boing connected to the s ark-plugs of diHerent cylinders successive y, as the same is rotated.

The machine is ada ted to be located on some suitable part of t 1e engine to which the .armature can be easily connected for rota- `t1on and correctly tlmed wlth relation to the operative partm thereof. One of the important features of my invention is that the make and break connection between the primary winding of theV armature and the condenser is such that the current which is delivered from the opposite terminal of the condenser through the primary winding is in opposite directions to the current which c larges the condenser, whereby the armature is demagnetized and the electro-motive force in the secondary is greatly augmented.

In the drawings forming part of this application,-Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through the armature of the machine in a vertical plane thereof, with the inc-losing case at the left omitted. Fig. 2 is specineatin or Letters Patent.'

Application filed July 13, 1906. 'Serial No. 126,048.

` Patented ppn 2 1, 190e.

an end elevation of the machine lookin towards the distributer, and the several cables in operative relation tothe same. Fig. 3 is a vertical section'on line 3-3 of Fig. 2 showing in detail the arrangement of the armature, secondary shaft, and the distributer parts. Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view on the lineA 4--.4 of Fig. 1, showing the two sets of permanent magnets, the ballbearing mounting for the secondary shaft, and the two sets of windings on the armature. Fig. 5 is an end elevation of the lefthand end of the machine showing the gear connection between the armature and secondary shafts, withcertain parts omitted. Fig. 6 is a detail view of the make and break mechanism. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of Fig. 6,-partly in section. Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic view ofthe connections.

Referring to these drawings, in detail, a designates the frame portion of the machine, secured to which is a set of permanent magnets l, and secured to the .magnets is another set of permanent magnets c, which are not as long asy the magnets but terminate at a point .slightlyy below the top portion of the armature'. The magnets c are secured to the magnets l by the machine bolts ci', as shown. The frame portion o is provided with. two lugs or shoulders e and f i'or affording the support for a bridge-piece or platform g on which is mounted the pillar-block h for su'pporting the ball-bearing construction for the secondary shaft i.

j designates the pole pieces, (preferably of soft iron) that are secured to the longer permanent magnets b by the machine screws 7c. m designates a cylii'idrical sleeve extending longitudinally of the machine and having a close iit within the pole-pieces This sleeve is made up of two different kinds of metal, as

shown at n and o, thc portion n being preferably 'of bronze or some non-magnetic metal, while the portion ois a magnetic metal, preferably iron, (seo Fig. 4): The purpose of this particular construction of the cylindrical sleeve m is to direct and control'the Howof the lines of force that pass from one polen piece to the other7 and the length of the arc of the pieces o is substantially equal to the length ol thearc on the armature which incloses the windings of the two setsof coils,l as shown.

' designates the core of the armature built up of laminations of sott iron secured together in the ordinary way, as by bolts or rivets 1 designates the right-hand end of the armature shaft which runs inthe ordinary ballbearing construction in the casing a, the ballbearing boxes being designated by the letter s.

designates a gear secured to the end of the shaft r for rotating the armature in unison with the engine in order to obtain the correct time at which the charge will be ignited.

u designates a disk of insulation secured on the shaft r and having integral therewith the sleeve fu. Located within this sleeve c is the pin w of bra'ss or other conducting material that is connected to one terminal of the primary winding at. l

Electrically connected to the pin w is the screw y which is adapted to securely hold on the shaft 1' the collector ring z.

2 designates a sleeve of insulating material on, the shaft r and interposed between the same and the ring z. Bearing on the rino' z is a carbon collector or brush 3 which is held in place against the ring 2 by the spring-actuated arm 4 (see Fig. 6). This arm is ivotally l mounted on a revoluble base-piece 5 which-is secured to the bearing ring for the ball bearing boxes, as clearly shown in Fig. 1, by means of the screws 6.

7 indicates a casing for holding the carbon brush 3 in lace. Also secured to the shaft 1 is a cam 8 aving two elevations 9 and 10.

Pivotally mounted on the ball-bearing lire ture is a make and break leverv 11, pivoted at the point 12 on the same, which carries a roller 13 'adapted to engage the cam 8. Pivotally mounted atthe point 12 is an arm 14 that is spring-connected to the lever 11, and carrying a roller 15 that also engages the cam` 3. The spring connection is for the purpose of holding the lever 11 vieldingly 'agalnst the cam 8.

16 is an arm integral with the sleeve m for the purpose of rotating the sleeve for changing the ath or low of the lines of force through t ie armature, and also is for the purpose of changing the time of the make and reak by the lever 11.

17 designates a post, internally. screw threaded, for receiving the ad'usting screw 18 that is engaged by the maire and break lever 11. This post is provided with the ordinary clamping screw 19.

A2O designates the end disks ofthe armature which are preferably constructed of bronze or some other non-magnetic material; and located between these disks are the laminations of thf` cover p previously referred to.

21 is a gear secured to the end of the armature by means of the sleeve 22 and nut 23,

the sleeve 22 being secured to the end of the disk 2U ot the armature, as understood, and rotates in the ball-bearing suppdrt, as shown. l

The gear 21 is adapted to mesh with the gear 24 on the secondary. shaft i. The gear 24 is 4utions of the curved distributer 25, shown clearly in Fig. 2, and adapted to pass in close proximity to the spark-pins 26 ,-#four c! which are shown in this figure. However, this number is immaterial as the number corresponds With the number of cylinders of the gas en ine.'

As t e distributer 25 passes the spark-pins 2 6, a spark jumps from the part 25 to the part 26, and from thence passes through one of the cables 27 to the proper cylinder. The pins 26 are ad'ustably clamped to the piece 32 by means oi the lates 321 and screws. 1t should be state however, that the distwice the diameter of the gear 21, the pur-Y ose of which is to reduce the number of revolf tributer 25 is mounted on a block. of hard 30 is a spring-conducting arm carried byl the piece 25.

31 designates a s ring-conducting arm rigidly mounted on the hard rubber casing 32 by means of the screw 33.

The inner ends ofthe spring-arms 30 and 31 carry contact'blocks 34 and 35.

36 is a s ring rotruding contact rod mounted in t e insu ating sleeve 37, and prefwithin the sleeve 22. Outside of this 'sleeve 22 is a metal tube 38.

39 designates a spring adapted to force the rod 36 outward.

40 designates a terminal leading from the secondary winding of the armature to the rod 36.

Located in the base of the machine is a condenser 41 made in the ordinary way of alternate layers of tinfoil and mica.

42 designates a metallic piece for securing the condenser to the casing of the machine by screws 43 or other suitable means.

44 is a channel or U-shaped piece of insulation, as iberoid or rubber, for securing the ends of' the condenser together, and mounted in the piece 42. 45 designates another chan nel or U-sha ed piece for receiving the o site end of t e condenser, but instead op eing made of insulating material it is made of conducting material, as for instance brass.

46 desivnates a cable leading from the right-hand end of the condenser 41 to the base-piece 5 (see Fig. 6.1

47 is shown as a Wire (see Fi 8) leading from the opposite terminal of e condenser 41 to one terminal of the framework of the engine-cylinders in which are laced the sew ries of sparlgplugs 48, but in act is the engine frame.- 49 1s also shown as a wire ccnl neeted to the same terminal of the condenser 41 as the wire 47, andA grounded to the frame of the inachine at G, and

contact post 17, as shown in Fig. 1, or to the erably made of' hardened steel, and carried in fact is the base secondary windin connected by awire' 51 which leads to the' portion 'of the engine? 50de shown asia wirey connected'tq one t'gi'ninal ,of the primaryv and and also grounded on thev frame of the mach fe, and is infact the common ground. or framework of thel machine; the opposite terminal of the secondary being I xdistributer 25, lin close proximity to the collector-points 26, but not quite touching lthe 'terminal ofthe primary saine, these' oints being connected by cables 48, as clearly shown. i

54 designates a Wire connected to the other ing to the collector ring z.

55 shows a .wire (see Fig. 8) leading from the carbon brush 3 to the post 17 but in fact is the path of the current in the base-piece 5,

, and 55l is shown as a wire' leading from the make and break lever 11 to the framework of the machine at G1, but in fact is the ground of the machine.

It will be noticed that the cam 8 on the ari -mature shaft has tyyo enlargements 56 and 57 which are lacd diametrically opposite eachother an so arranged with relation .to

the coils of the armature that they engage the anti-friction roller 13 at the same time that the coils are threaded by the greatest primary circuit is therefore,l broken at this point in the revolution'of thearmature thus producing in the secondary winding an induced electro motive force, 'and this induced electro-motive force occurs at the same instant that the distributer 25 is o posite one of the. points 26 and a spark pro uced at the same time at one of the'plugs`48.

It `will be noticed that when the terminal 11 and the adjusting screw 18 are separated that the condenser is charged by means of the primary winding fc.

' It will also be -noticed that the sets of permanent magnets b vand care secured together and to the casing a by means of the bolt al threaded at one end and passingthrough apertured lugs a and a3.

In operation, .the current from the primary coil :c assinv through the collector ring z, when t e make and reak lever 11 is closed, is short circuited through the frame of the machine. When the lever 11 opens the primary circuit, the condenser is discharged through the primary, and when the lever 11 closesthe primary circuit, the condenser `is charged in the opposite direction through the primary.

When the predetermine point in the revolutionof the armature, a powerful current is induced in the secondary winding just at the instant i when the largest number of lines of force are winding@ and lead` priniaryzcircuit is opened at a r the collector-pins26, thus closing the circuit through the secondary winding and the proper spark-plug, it being understood that the timing of the rotation of the distributor and armature is such, by reason'of the relative sizes of the gears and cam 8, that the induced current in the secondary, and through the spark-plugs, is in opposite directions,

since the current is an alternating one.

An important feature of my invention is that byreason of the sleeve m, as constructed, and the powerful compound magnet, it is possible to remove the armature andjsheli without destroyin the efficiency of the machine, as the` sparing distance remains the same after being'ldisman'tled and reassembled, as before dismantlin the machine.

I have also found that t e spark is strong enough to explode' the charge of combustible in the engine cylinders when the engine is cranked for starting the same.

What I claim is i 1. vIn a magneto-electrical manent magnets, having pole pieces an ar` mature having-primary and secondary windings thereon, a' shell having a cylindrical unbroken outer surface from end to end therel i of and composed of magnetic and nommag-` netic material, the magnetic material being seit into the non-ma netic material and arranged opposite, an vin close proximit to, the pole pieces, the major portion o the shell being of non-magnetic material whereby upon rotation of the shell the flow of the lines of force throu h the armature maybe controlled, as desert ed. y 1.

2. In an electric ignition system, a per-v manent magnet, pole-pieces secured thereto, 'a second permanent magnet the limbs of which are shorter than the other'permanent magnets and secured thereto, a shell, the

outer cylindrical surface of which is unsecondary windings thereon, t e shell being composed of magnetic and non-1nagnetic material, the non-magnetic materialconstituting practically 'one-half the circumferenceof the shell. f

v 3. In an electric ignition system, a permanent magnet, pole-pieces secured thereto, a second permanent magnet the limbs of which are shorter than the other permanent magnets and secured thereto, a rotatable shell for screening a portion of the lines of force passing from one pole-piece to the other, and

an armature having primary and secondary windings thereon, the shell being com osed ol magnetic and non-magnetic materia the non-magnetic material constituting practically one-half the circumference of the shell, the outer curved surface of the shell being continuous throughout, as described.

4. In an ignition system, sets of permanent. magnets, an armature having primary and secondary windings thereon, a rotatable screen for the armature and having an unbroken periphery, the armature being `provided with a make and break device for the A primary windings, .a distributer, a wire connected thereto and with one terminal of the secondary winding on the armature, a collector point adjacent the distributer, a spark-plug, a wire connecting the two, and a wire leading from the other terminal of the spark-plu to the other terminal-,of the sebondary o the armature windings, as described.

5. In a magneto electrical machine, inL

, armature, a series of spark-plugs, connections between the spark-plugs and the dis-A tributer, connections between the make and break device and the primary, and connec tions between the secondary and the sparkplugs, a condenser connected across the terminals of lthe make and break device, where- `by when the armature is so disposed as tu include the greatest possible number ol lines of force, the make and break device will be opened and current in the same direction induced in the secondaryT throu h the distributer and spark-plu s as 'descri aed.

6. A magneto e ectrical machine having if.

in combination, a series of permanent mag nets, an armature, -a rotatable cylindrical -screen or shell therefor, the screen or shell being composed of magnetic and non-mag-l netic material, the magnetic and non-maffnetic material constituting' substantially equal amounts in the screen or shell, and the periphery of the same having an unbroken surface.

EDWARD B. JAcoBsoN` VVitne'sse's:

JONATHAN HAIGHT, EDWARD T. SCULLY. 

